Home Visits: Zenab & P5 boy

The first person we visited was Zenab who has a small business selling tomoatoes and other vegetables in the Kalerewe Market (picture on the left). She is in a wheelchair because she had polio and has had a wheelchair for six months. Since she lives in a swamp area it's difficult to keep her wheelchair clean. Although she has a business and at first glance you may not notice that she is disabled (she scoots around while working), she is segregated from the other sellers. Her area is a blanket clearly distinct and in front of the line of vegetable sellers. Although many of them have shade and a table, she does not. While we were there Fatuma had a chat with the manager (apparently there is some organization to the chaos?) about that. She encouraged him to think of people with disabilities as a responsibility of the community. A very active lady, she would be interested in going into a group with some of the others and expanding her small business.

After visiting Zenab, Fatuma, Steven (Fatuma's driver) and I went to St. Jude Primary School to visit a boy who was in a wheelchair at the school there. Right now the place is completely unaccessible.


In order to even get up the step to his class he needs a bit of assistance. His chair also isn't very fitted. The cushion is good, though, so I suspect he's using that so that he can grow in the wheelchair. He's in P5 right now and seems to be doing pretty well for now, but his classes in P6 & P7 aren't remotely accessible. Fatuma talked to the headmaster about everyone contributing and helping.


Here he is with his class. He generally sits in the back with some friends, but when the kids crowded in the front I insisted on being able to see everyone. The kids were super cute. On the way out we moved at a snails pace with the car because all the kids wanted to wave bye and Steven was driving very carefully.

Fatuma is of the mind that disabilities must be supported by the community and it's admirable that she makes that effort. She was telling me today that she wants MADE to expand to also focus on advocacy in the times where it doesn't have a lot of wheelchairs to build. She had a meeting with the director of Disability Rights Fund. (ironically, located in Boston!) The advocacy would be for making private schools accessible. Public ones are mandated by law to be accessible (although law and reality are completely different), but there is less regulation on the private ones. Here's hoping Fatuma's application is successful! =)


And random: I saw this little guy outside my hostel when I got back from the home visits. I think he was greeting me. Now I just need a banana so we can be friends...

Home Visits: Linda

Linda is in a very unfitted imported wheelchair that she got in Arusha. She had one of the Free Wheelchair Mission chairs, but only kept it for a day before exchanging it in Arusha for her current one. She said for washing and for indoor activities the wheelchair she has is ok, but it's difficult to transport because it isn't foldable. She found the footrests to be cumbersome when she maneuvered and went about her day, so she removed them and uses a piece of cloth instead. That can't be comfortable, but I guess at least it's easier to get around.

Several years ago, she discovered that she had a tumor in her back and since has been confined to a wheelchair. Last year, she got her wheelchair new in Arusha, but it looks much older. It's difficult to imagine that she's only had it for a year. The seat is literally falling apart and the wheels look like they need to be replaced.

She has one daughter, Matrona (5 yrs old and adorable), and is living with her mom. For income, she has a small business selling sunflowers and sewing. She's looking forward to having a better, fitted, foldable wheelchair, because she'll be able to use public transportation and expand her business. She will still need to rely on her nephew to aid in getting to the bus stop (when I say the roads leading to her house are ridiculous, that doesn't do them justice), but she will be able to go to town herself to buy things instead of relying on others.

She's hoping to obtain a microloan for 200,000 Tsh ($167) so that she can expand her tailoring business. She has a sewing machine in her home, but currently depends on customers bringing their own cloth. With the money, she would be able to buy cloth and have customers choose from her home. I hope these meetings in Dar Es Salaam go well this weekend, because there's a lot of potential growth. I've met several people who already have small businesses and have plans for expansion, but they need something to take them to the next step.

MFIs, Swahili, and Obama

Majorly excited about the rest of the week. Tomorrow I'm going to visit the third recipient of a wheelchair. She currently has an unfitted, imported one so I think it will be very interesting to compare. Today was another research day, and I've identified several more microfinance places (ironically, and fortunately, many in Dar Es Salaam) so I think going to Dar is not only a fun idea (because of weekend plans to go to Zanzibar) but an important one. If we can partner with established microfinace institutions (MFIs), we'll be in much better shape. It's important to realize what you can and cannot do, and what you can delegate. Delegating the training and funding of people in wheelchairs to MFIs with significant experience is far better than trying to throw something together. I've focused primarily on finding places that have ties to Kiva because those loans are funded so quickly (average is less than two days) but may explore other options.

The best part about being here is the interactions with people. Hearing the other perspective on random topics helps to enable understanding on important ones. Moshi, and Tanzania, have significant Muslim and Christian populations, and they mix fairly well. I had lunch with one of the KASI guys today and somehow we got on the topic of the 9/11 attacks and the effects on the average American. The thing I remember most was reading about (and seeing) the discrimination that resulted. One (white) reporter spent a day wearing the Muslim shawl and described the interactions (from not so casual bumping to blatent comments) that she witnessed before people even saw her face. As always, it is vital to remember that one quality doesn't define a person.

I was initially surprised by the interest in American topics. The day Michael Jackson died, several people asked me if I liked his music or was upset. Almost everyone I have a long conversation with asks me about Obama. Unsurprisingly, my KASI friend (and most people here) like Obama, not only because of his Kenya heritage, but because he is trying to improve ties with other nations. (I'm sure this could be debated, but I'm thinking of his address to Muslim nations. Not saying it's perfect - but it's a start.)

Maybe it's just because I don't speak Swahili and don't understand half of what is said around me, but Moshi seems to have very little religious descrepancies. Mosques and churches coexist. Five times a day you can hear the Muslim prayer music (at all hours) and nuns walk around. It's encouraging to see and something I do admire Tanzania for. For better (or "worse" in one respect, more on this later), Tanzania has been relatively peaceful, especially considering its neighbors' history - no genocide, no major civil wars. Ironically, this means that there is less support for the disabled. KASI was the first such non-profit, but similar organizations in Uganda and Kenya expanded much more rapidly because the demand for disabled services post-conflict was much higher. The primary causes of injury are from falling out of trees and vehicle accidents. I couldn't understand why falling out of trees was so common until one of the people I met explained that men of the Chagga tribe take pride in raising goats. They climb trees to get leaves for their goats to eat. It's amazing what you learn that you never would think to ask.

Home Visits: Richard

The second person we visited last Wednesday was Richard, someone who received a small business wheelchair from Tish's project a few years ago. In 2000, Richard fell from a tree (sounds familiar) and injured his T-12 vertebrae. In the past nine years, he has had two wheelchairs - one imported chair, and one locally made. The imported chair lasted from 2000-2003, and he was able to get it through KCMC. In 2003, the problems the wheelchair caused compounded: it was difficult to maneuver, broken, and couldn't go fast because its two front wheels fluttered. One advantage though, was the foldability of the wheelchair.

His second wheelchair that he got in 2003, has lasted these past six years. Yes, the paint is gone and it doesn't look brand new, but he has had relatively little trouble and a much better pay off. In the last six years, he replaced the bearings and got a new front wheel. Not half bad on this terrain. The major disadvantage of the locally made chairs is that that cannot fold up. Richard recommended that Worldwide Mobility should have a "what next?" focus as well, something I completely agree with. He said that once a person gets a wheelchair, he doesn't have a job and sometimes getting a wheelchair only means he can get out of bed in order to beg.

Richard is in front of his store in the picture to the right. It's important to have a plan. I think Tish's small business project would be an excellent companion to Worldwide Mobility. Even if we did not have separate "business" wheelchairs made, it is very important that we can provide people who receive the wheelchairs with some training to help them start a business. Tish's project is building a place for a training school. I think it would be fantastic if we could somehow merge the two projects, taking the best elements from each. From WM, raise money to help a person buy a wheelchair. Through kiva or some other means, acquire capital for small business loans. This would mean that people would need to demonstrate an ability and idea for a business.

While a small business would not apply to children, it is a good idea for adults. It may be important to make further distinctions in the future or stipulate that a child be able to go to school. Perhaps (only if necessary) another donation for school fees? There's a lot to think about...

The Wonders of Slow Internet

Pictures finally up! It took longer than I care to admit, but the pictures are on the post now:

http://empoweringmobility.blogspot.com/2009/06/home-visits.html

Home Visits

The first guy we visited today fell out of a coconut tree in 1993. Since then, he has had three wheelchairs. Pictures of all three of them are below. Notice how the the first two are unfitted and don't accomidate rough terrain. The third is a three wheeled chair - much more stable in bumpy roads. (And there were a LOT of bumpy roads nearby) His most recent one is from March 2009 and is shiny and new looking. His first wheelchair came from KCMC via a program with a Netherlands church. He has one child and lives with his sisters.



He's very fortunate in that since he built his house after his accident, it is accessible in all the rooms. From the back. He can't go through the front because there's a big step, but it's easy access from the back. He likes the new one because he can go longer distances and it handles the rough terrain better. His house is pretty cool; they installed a solar panel for power on the roof.



His primary concern for people who are disabled is that they don't have or know how to manage capital. They definitely need ways to make money. He has been doing decently because he has a plot, and his business partner helps him manage the land.
Every week, they pay 7000 Tsh (USD$5.84) to rent a pump and hire someone to operate it. Pumps cost USD$300-350. I was initially concerned when he said he wanted a loan because if he used the money he saved to pay back the loan, it would take 60+ weeks to repay, and the planting season isn't nearly that long.

The planting/growing season is 2-3 months. Harvest time, however, lasts six months. Each week, they fill 25 bags that sell for 10000 Tsh each

25 * 10000 Tsh * 4 weeks/month * 6 months = 6 000 000 000 Tsh = USD$5000 per year

A portion of which goes to renting the pump. At first glance I was worried because it didn't sound like he would be able to repay the loan in a timely manner. The benefit of not paying $6 per month did not seem to translate into significantly increased earnings.

However, upon further questions, he told me they are currently using only a fraction of the land. His land extended for at least double or triple what was actually planted. The thing holding them back is the price of having the water pump rented. I went and saw, and it's quite significant how much they have left. (He owns up to the far tree line.) It may be unrealistic or inadvisable to cultivate ALL of his land, but it is clear that the opportunity would provide significant increased earnings regardless.



His is the ideal candidate for getting a micro loan. He knows exactly what he needs to expand his business, the expansion will produce much increased profit, but to pay for it out of pocket would be too much.

Hearing his story today made me start thinking about kiva.org. No one here seems to have heard of it. I was talking to Faustina last week and she looked up the website. An eventual goal of Worldwide Mobility should be to enable its wheelchair users to get loans on Kiva. In the mean time, we can attempt to secure micro loans for people who benefit from WM through existing places. Perhaps KASI will become a partner. Faustina definitely seemed interested, so I hope they pursue it further. I think she liked its emphasis on women.

I'll write about the second person we visited that day soon.